The changing role of universities in the German research sys- tem: engagement in regional networks, clusters and beyond
نویسندگان
چکیده
The German research system is well developed and consists of a manifold of different organisations for both basic and applied research and industrial development (Frietsch and Kroll 2010). Within the research system, the universities are the largest public organisation which carries our research and development (R&D). Of the total German R&D expenditures of 61.5 billion Euro in 2007, universities represent a share of 16.1 %, while the second largest research organisation, the Helmholtz Association, reaches 4.4 %. Nevertheless, with a share of 69.9 % most R&D is performed in the industrial sector (BMBF 2010, p. 41).
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